Ancient Glass Small Nila Beads from Mali, Mixed Hues - Strand C - Rita Okrent Collection (AT0649c)

Reserved: Small teal, indigo and green ancient excavated glass Indo-Pacific / nila beads on this strand, found in Mali. It is thought that these nila beads were manufactured elsewhere and often reworked by glassmakers in West Africa. Many have oxidization patina from burial and age. Large quantities have been found along the river banks of the Niger river in Mali and buried in large quantities in clay pots, used as a form of currency.

25 inches of beads. Bead size ranges from 2-6mm diameter (generally 2-4mm beads on this strand)

Circa 1200-1600 A.D.

Nila beads are the small  Islamic glass beads than can be found in colors ranging from blue, green, red, black, white to yellow that are widespread in West Africa. They are also referred to as Indo-Pacific or Trade Winds beads, in reference to the ocean streams and winds that, for centuries, were used by the Arab merchant ships bringing them from India to Africa.  They are also found in the ground in parts of West Africa and Southeast Asia. The name "Nila" comes from the Sanskrit term for indigo.

As per bead expert, Jamey Allen: Islamic Period beads are circa 1000 years old, dating from between  CD 900-1200. They might be as early as CE 700, and as late as 1400. In 1400, Western Asian glass industries were destroyed by Tamerlane. And soon after, Egypt desisted as well. This is when Venice stepped in and became the glassmaker for all of Europe and the Eastern Mediterranean.

African Trade Item 0649c